The Hummers Method: How Graphene Oxide Is Made and Why It Matters
In 1958, William Hummers and Richard Offeman published a two-page paper in the Journal of the American Chemical Society describing a new method for oxidizing graphite using …
Topic
Manufacturing
How graphene is made — from lab to industrial scale
Chemical Vapor Deposition of Graphene: How CVD Works and Why It Matters
Chemical vapor deposition — CVD — is how the highest-quality graphene is made. It is a fundamentally different process from the liquid-phase or electrochemical methods that produce …
Graphene Quality Control: What Raman Spectroscopy Actually Tells You
If you are buying graphene, evaluating a supplier, or assessing the quality of graphene-enhanced products, you will encounter Raman spectroscopy data. It is the single most common …
CVD Graphene: The Transfer Problem Nobody Talks About
Chemical vapor deposition is the gold standard for producing high-quality, large-area graphene films. It can grow continuous monolayer graphene over areas measured in square …
How Graphene Is Made: Every Production Method Explained
If the first question about graphene is “what is it?”, the second is inevitably “how do you make it?” The answer is more complicated than most summaries …